Montessori : The Basics
Montessori : The Basics
New to Montessori? Let us tell you what it’s all about. As Montessori teachers
and
parents…
1. We follow the teachings of Dr. Maria Montessori (1870-1952). She was a
medical
doctor, a teacher, a philosopher, and an anthropologist. Her progressive view
of children was way beyond her time, and her writing is still very relevant
today. Interested in reading some of her work yourself? You should! Try The
Secret of Childhood for starters.
2. We understand that children of different ages have different needs and
abilities. We
study child development theory (for example, sensitive periods) and make sure
that our
classrooms and homes have developmentally appropriate activities and
expectations.
When something new is discovered about the growing brain, we are taking notes,
ready to back it up with our educational practice. (More often than not, the
research simply confirms the Montessori method!)
3. We observe our children. The child has so much to teach us about learning.
By watching
closely, we can modify our lessons and materials to best suit the child’s interests and growth. We try to anticipate what the child will need next and make sure that this experience is available for when the child is ready to explore the subject or skill. We call this “following the child”.
closely, we can modify our lessons and materials to best suit the child’s interests and growth. We try to anticipate what the child will need next and make sure that this experience is available for when the child is ready to explore the subject or skill. We call this “following the child”.
4. We believe that the environment itself is the best teacher, and we prepare it
like a
mama bird would craft a proper nest for her babies. Rather than dictating what
a child
should learn and when, we design the classroom or home to fit the needs of the
child, rich experiences balanced by beauty and order. This takes a great amount
of effort, but we are rewarded when a child enters and is inspired to learn. In
a typical Montessori classroom, you would see objects in baskets, trays, or
boxes arranged on a shelf attractively. Each work contains a purposeful work
that is designed to teach a specific concept. (Pssst: We don’t randomly select
concepts to teach, remember? We base them on our observations of the child.)
5. We model grace and courtesy (good manners), treating our children as we wish
ourselves to be treated. We use calm voices when teaching and speak with
respect in
regard to the children’s feelings. We carry ourselves with poise and handle
objects with
care. We believe that the children are acutely observing us even when we aren’t
aware of it, and they will mimic our behaviors and attitudes. We know that
humans aren’t perfect, but we really try to bring out the best in ourselves.
6. We recognize that children are unique individuals who are not likely to
master the
exact same concepts or have the same interests at the same time. We celebrate
this
uniqueness and allow each child to develop at his or her pace. We believe that
learning is a natural process that develops spontaneously. When we place our
trust in the child, we are often surprised at the immense amount of learning
that takes place through the child’s interaction with his or her world.
7. We do not use rewards and punishments to force children to comply with rules
or to
combat ill behavior. We believe that each child is on the way to developing self
discipline and that the rewards should be intrinsic (within oneself) rather
than externally imposed. When a child misbehaves, we first examine the reasons
why the child is exhibiting those behaviors (hungry? tired? overstimulated?
testing boundaries?) and then we contemplate whether a change in the prepared
environment would help or if we need to teach certain problem solving skills
to prevent another occurrence. Never do we use shame or humiliation. We try to
help the child understand appropriate behavior in a social context in a gentle,
firm manner.
8. We believe that children learn best when
they are free to move their bodies throughout
the day. Children have physical rights. They should not be constrained to desks. They should be allowed to move around in their environment, visit the bathroom as often as they like, and work in a variety of sitting or standing positions. We want to teach our children to respect their bodies and control their movements, and by allowing this freedom, we feel that this helps the growing brain learn more effectively. We encourage this independence, but also teach respect for others. No one’s freedom should infringe upon another’s right to concentrate.
the day. Children have physical rights. They should not be constrained to desks. They should be allowed to move around in their environment, visit the bathroom as often as they like, and work in a variety of sitting or standing positions. We want to teach our children to respect their bodies and control their movements, and by allowing this freedom, we feel that this helps the growing brain learn more effectively. We encourage this independence, but also teach respect for others. No one’s freedom should infringe upon another’s right to concentrate.
9. We believe that the materials a child works with (one could just as easily
call them
“toys”) should be carefully chosen to support the current developmental stage.
With few
exceptions, natural materials are preferred, and the works themselves should be
arranged attractively on the shelf. Concrete experiences are always offered
first and abstract thinking presented later, when the child has a firm grasp on
the concept. Maria Montessori herself developed and sanctioned specific
materials for learning that are considered classic and essential to a
Montessori classroom. You might want to take a look at the pink tower, the moveable
alphabet, or the golden beads. Oh, and yes, we call it work and not play.
Really it’s just semantics, so don’t let it bother you.
10. To Montessori teachers, presenting a
lesson to a child is an art form. For example,
for the 3 to 6 age child, we captivate the child’s attention by talking very
little during the lesson and instead making our movements slow and deliberate.
This allows the child to focus on our actions and remember the little details
that may be forgotten if we were speaking at the same time. One of the classic
Montessori lesson techniques you might want to investigate is called The Three
Period Lesson.
for peace. The children themselves represent a “bright, new hope for mankind”.
We feel
that the work we do as educators, guiding children toward self-reliance and compassion,
is incredibly important in the grand scheme of future life on Earth. How our
children are treated as babies is going to impact our entire civilization when
they are all grown up and making decisions that affect others. We are humbled
by the great possibilities that exist within the tiniest of humans, and we
respect their inner wisdom.
Welcome to Montessori!
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